Seat belt legislation in Canada is left to the provinces. Initially, seat belt use was not compulsory. Ontario was the first province to pass a law which required vehicle occupants to wear seat belts, a law that came into effect on January 1, 1976.[1]
All provinces in Canada have primary enforcement seat belt laws. Primary enforcement allows a police officer to stop and ticket a driver if s/he observes a violation. Secondary enforcement means that a police officer may only stop or cite a driver for a seatbelt violation if the driver committed another primary violation (such as speeding, running a stop sign, etc.) at the same time.
This table contains a brief summary of all seatbelt laws in the Canada.[2][3] This list includes only seatbelt laws, which often do not themselves apply to children; however, all provinces and territories have separate child restraint laws. A subsequent offense may be much higher.
State | Type of law | Date of first law | Who is covered | Base fine before fees | Demerit points lost | Usage[4] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alberta | Primary Enforcement | July 1, 1987 | Age 16+ in all seats | $115 | 0 | 92.0% |
British Columbia | Primary Enforcement | October 1, 1977 | Age 16+ in all seats | $167 | 0 | 96.9% |
Manitoba | Primary Enforcement | April 1, 1984 | Age 16+ in all seats | $235 | 2 | 93.8% |
New Brunswick | Primary Enforcement | November 1, 1983 | Age 16+ in all seats | $168 | 2 | 94.8% |
Newfoundland and Labrador | Primary Enforcement | July 1, 1982 | Age 16+ in all seats | $115 | 2 | 93.1% |
Northwest Territories | Primary Enforcement | July 1, 1988 | Age 16+ in all seats | $115 | 2 | 84.9% |
Nova Scotia | Primary Enforcement | January 1, 1985 | Age 16+ in all seats | $157.50 | 2 | 90.1% |
Ontario | Primary Enforcement | January 1, 1976 | Age 16+ in all seats | $240 | 2 | 96.0% |
Prince Edward Island | Primary Enforcement | July 1, 1987 | Age 16+ in all seats | $110 | 3 | 89.7% |
Quebec | Primary Enforcement | August 15, 1976 | Age 16+ in all seats | $115-154 | 3 | 96.0% |
Saskatchewan | Primary Enforcement | July 1, 1977 | Age 16+ in all seats | $165 | 3 | 96.8% |
Yukon | Primary Enforcement | July 1, 1991 | Age 15+ in all seats | $75 | 4 | 78.1% |